Chance witness

--- Chance witness --- Residence away from place of occurrence --- Requirement to establish presence through natural and independent circumstances --- Scope --- A witness whose residence is distant from the crime scene (e.g., a 20-25 minute walk) and who ordinarily grazes cattle in a jungle near his own home is classified as a "chance witness" --- The testimony of such a witness must be scrutinized with great care and can only be relied upon if they convincingly prove their presence through strong, natural, and independent circumstances.

--- Chance Witness --- Principle governing reliance upon testimony --- Need for great care and caution --- Scope --- The testimony of a chance witness is to be relied upon after great care and caution, and before reliance can be placed upon it, such a witness must convincingly prove his presence at the scene of occurrence through strong, natural, and independent circumstances.